| Environmental Assessment of Heavy Petroleum Mulch for Soil Stabilization: Analysis of Heavy Metals and PAHs |
| کد مقاله : 1023-ICOC |
| نویسندگان |
|
سیده بهاره عظیمی *1، جلیل بادام فیروز2، اردوان زرندیان2 1عضو هیات علمی گروه ارزیابی و مخاطرات محیط زیست-پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار- سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست-تهران- 2تهران- بزرگراه شهید حکیم- سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست- پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار |
| چکیده مقاله |
| In recent decades, the global trend of increasing concerns about the intensification of environmental crises, climate change, and the need to move towards sustainable development has become one of the central issues on the agenda of policymakers and researchers [1]. This study evaluated the environmental safety of a heavy oil mulch produced by the Bitumen and Oil Refining Company. The main objective was to determine the acceptability of this mulch for wind erosion control and dust suppression without posing a risk to soil and ecosystems. To achieve this goal, the concentrations of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the tested sample were measured according to ASTM D6596 and ISO 17993 standards. The results obtained were then compared with the permissible thresholds determined in Table 4-2 of the Technical Instructions for Soil Stabilizers (Mulches) E-783. The findings of the study showed that the concentrations of pollutants measured in the mulch under study were lower than the permissible limits of the standard. As a result, this product was assessed as environmentally low-risk for soil stabilization (mulch) and dust suppression applications and can be used as a soil stabilizer. Key results indicate all parameters are well below limits, qualifying the mulch as acceptable. For heavy metals, nickel (Ni) measured 20 mg/kg (limit 8571 mg/kg), vanadium (V) 46 mg/kg (limit 9286 mg/kg), lead (Pb) <1 mg/kg (limit 14285 mg/kg), chromium (Cr) <1 mg/kg (limit 10714 mg/kg), zinc (Zn) <1 mg/kg (limit 92857 mg/kg), cadmium (Cd) <1 mg/kg (limit 714 mg/kg), arsenic (As) <100 µg/kg (limit 714000 µg/kg), and mercury (Hg) <100 µg/kg (limit 357000 µg/kg). For PAHs, naphthalene <1 ppm (limit 1.3 ppm), acenaphthene 1.1 ppm (limit 3.6 ppm), phenanthrene 1.4 ppm (limit 7.8 ppm), and others including benzo[a]pyrene <1 ppm (limit 1 ppm). Conclusions affirm the mulch's compliance for environmental safety, though further field tests like germination assays are recommended for full efficacy validation |
| کلیدواژه ها |
| : Petroleum Mulch, Heavy Metals, Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Environment |
| وضعیت: پذیرفته شده |