| Synthesis and characterization of Tetrabutylammonium-Functionalized Tungstophosphoric Acidand catalytic performance for synthesis 1,4-Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles |
| کد مقاله : 1026-ICOC |
| نویسندگان |
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مصطفی ریاحی *1، نرگس صالحی2، احمدرضا مومنی3 1عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه شهرکرد 2دانجوی دکتری شیمی آلی دانشگاه شهرکرد 3عضو هیات علمی دانشکاه شهرکرد |
| چکیده مقاله |
| Subject:This study addresses the development of a choline-functionalized polyoxometalate-based hybrid catalyst for green and reusable catalytic applications in heterocyclic synthesis[1-2]. Objectives:The objective of this work was to design and evaluate a stable organic–inorganic hybrid catalyst based on tungstophosphoric acid functionalized with choline chloride (ChCl–H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) to enhance catalytic activity, structural stability, and recyclability while minimizing catalyst leaching. Methods:ChCl–H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ was synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, elemental mapping, and TGA techniques to confirm its structure, morphology, composition, and thermal stability. The catalytic performance was examined in a three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Main Results:Characterization studies confirmed the preservation of the Keggin structure and successful incorporation of choline chloride into the polyoxometalate framework, resulting in a semi-amorphous hybrid material with enhanced thermal stability. The hybrid catalyst exhibited significantly improved catalytic activity compared to pristine tungstophosphoric acid, affording excellent product yields in short reaction times. Moreover, ChCl–H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ could be easily recovered and reused over several cycles with negligible loss of activity, indicating strong resistance to leaching. Conclusions:The choline-functionalized tungstophosphoric acid catalyst represents an efficient, stable, and recyclable heterogeneous system for commenting multicomponent reactions. Its enhanced acidity, stability, and dispersion make it a promising green catalyst for the synthesis of pharmaceutically important 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. |
| کلیدواژه ها |
| Polyoxometaltates, Hybrid, Pyrazole, tetrabutylammonium bromide |
| وضعیت: پذیرفته شده |